I want to refer to a page without the .php extension and not to use the .htaccess file, as a documentation says:
You should avoid using .htaccess files completely if you have access to httpd main server config file. Using .htaccess files slows down your Apache http server.
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Answer
You can write the configuration you want (a “rewrite rule” in your case I think) in the virtual host of your website to avoid the .htaccess. See the doc here https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/en/vhosts/examples.html